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How
is methamphetamine
different from other
stimulants, such as
cocaine?
Methamphetamine
is classified as a
psychostimulant, as
are other drugs of
abuse such as
amphetamine and
cocaine. We know
that methamphetamine
is structurally
similar to
amphetamine and the
neurotransmitter
dopamine, but it is
quite different from
cocaine. Although
these stimulants
have similar
behavioral and
physiological
effects, there are
some major
differences in the
basic mechanisms of
how they work at the
level of the nerve
cell. However, the
bottom line is that
methamphetamine,
like cocaine,
results in an
accumulation of the
neurotransmitter
dopamine, and this
excessive dopamine
concentration
appears to produce
the stimulation and
feelings of euphoria
experienced by the
user. In contrast to
cocaine, which is
quickly removed and
almost completely
metabolized in the
body,
methamphetamine has
a much longer
duration of action
and a larger
percentage of the
drug remains
unchanged in the
body. This results
in methamphetamine
being present in the
brain longer, which
ultimately leads to
prolonged stimulant
effects.
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Methamphetamine |
vs. |
Cocaine |
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Man-made
Smoking
produces a
high that
lasts 8-24
hours
50% of
the drug is
removed from
the body in
12 hours
Limited
medical use
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Plant-derived
Smoking
produces a
high that
lasts 20-30
minutes
50% of
the drug is
removed from
the body in
1 hour
Used as a
local
anesthetic
in some
surgical
procedures |
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